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Abstract

Tel Afeq is located within the ‘En Afeq Nature and Parks Reserve, in the ‘Akko Valley, near the sources of Naḥal Na’aman. Surveys and excavations conducted in and around the tell uncovered remains dating from the Chalcolithic period to the Middle Ages. On the northern fringes of the tell were Middle and Late Bronze Age graves, and near its southwestern slopes were graves from the Roman period. In the Crusader period, the area was divided between the Hospitallers and the Templars, who built flour mills and dams, and turned the site into an important agricultural center, where sugarcane and barley were mainly grown. At this time, water channels and water lifting and tilting facilities were also constructed.

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