Guide to Contributors (English)
Contents
- Submission
- Cover Page
- Length
- Text Format
- Accompanying Studies
- Abstract
- Keywords
- Headings
- Spelling and Grammar
- Abbreviations
- Transliteration
- Hyphens and Dashes
- Numbers
- Coordinates
- Credits
- Footnotes
- Figures
- Tables
- Loci and Wall Lists
- Citations and List of References
This page refers to submission of articles written in English.
It is important that contributors adhere to the Qadum Guide to Contributors. This will ensure smooth administration and subsequent acceptance.
Submission
The manuscript should be submitted as a single folder and include the following elements, each as a separate document:
Cover Page
The cover page of the submitted article must contain:
Length
Qadum does not have any length restrictions for excavation reports.
Text Format
Manuscripts must be justified with a 1.5 line spacing, in Times New Roman font.
Accompanying Studies
The accompanying studies are the work of other researchers and are their responsibility. These studies address topics such as coins, glass artifacts, scarabs, seal impressions, petrography, epigraphy, physical anthropology, archaeozoology, archaeobotany, metallurgy and radiocarbon dating.
The accompanying studies are published as part of the final report or as separate articles. There are three options for their inclusion in the publication:
Option A. A concise factual report (for example: identification of 2–3 coins; 2–3 radiocarbon dates; identification of minerals or metals; sex and age of the deceased). Such a report will be included in the main article, with the researcher’s name cited in a footnote.
Option B. A medium-sized factual report, including a brief description of the finds (for example: identification of 4–5 coins; a table and description of bone finds; a diverse series of radiocarbon dates; a special description of glass artifacts). Such a report will be included as a subchapter in the main article, with the researcher’s name noted. The illustrations will be numbered sequentially with the illustrations of the main article. The bibliographic items will be included in the reference list of the main article. The citation for such an accompanying study will appear as follows: (see Cohen, below).
Note: Accompanying studies written in English cannot be included within a main article in Hebrew. Therefore, if an accompanying study in English meets the definition of "Option B," it will be published separately as if it were "Option C" (see below).
Option C. An extensive report or scientific discussion. Such a report will be submitted as an independent article (see, Submission, above). The author of the accompanying study must address the excavation results in the main article, the chronology and the function of the site. Any discrepancies (for example, chronological) between the conclusions of the author of the accompanying study and the main report must be addressed.
The author of the main article must address the results of accompanying studies published as separate articles (Option C) and include a citation and bibliographic reference for each of them, according to the language of the accompanying articles (for example: see Cohen, this volume). Similarly, the accompanying studies must include a reference to the main article and provide a citation to the main article in the bibliography at the end of the accompanying study.
Note: When the main article is written in Hebrew, the accompanying study of this type may be written in either Hebrew or English. When the main article is written in English, all accompanying studies will be published in English only.
Abstract
The abstract should be interesting and inviting, clear and concise, and reflect the main discussion points in the article. It is appropriate to include some of your results or analysis. The abstract should not exceed 150 words (800 characters, including spaces).
Keywords
Please select between 5 and 10 keywords—not including site name—to aid the retrieval of your article.
Headings
All headings and subheadings should be capitalized. Headings for subdivisions of English articles should accord with the following format:
- Centered, large + small capitals, for major divisions.
- Left justified, large + small capitals.
- Left justified, bold, first letter of each word capitalized, on a separate line.
- Left justified, italics, first letter of each word capitalized, on a separate line.
- Left justified, italics, first letter of each word capitalized, followed by a period and an m dash, on same line as the following text (for items such as pottery types).
Note: Do NOT use underline.
Spelling and Grammar
English spelling should follow standard American English conventions, as should the grammar. Except for specific instructions here, the directives of the Chicago Manual of Style (16th and 17th editions) should be followed. For Hebrew and Arabic words that have entered English—for example, kibbutz, menorah, wadi and tell—please check American English spelling in a dictionary.
Abbreviations
Centuries should be written out; however, use figures for centuries in tables (e.g., text—thirteenth century; table—13th c.).Use Roman numerals for ancient rulers (e.g., Ramses II, Sargon I) and for Egyptian dynasties (e.g., Dynasty XIII).
Periodicals and books should be abbreviated as they appear in the List of Abbreviations. Exceptions should be spelled out.
Archaeological periods should always be written out in full in titles and the first time they appear. Periods should not be abbreviated when there are no subdivisions. The following are the accepted abbreviations for the subdivisions of archaeological periods:
Early Bronze Age I–III = EB I–III
Middle Bronze Age I, IIA, IIB = MB I, IIA, IIB
Late Bronze Age I, II = LB I, II
‘Before the Common Era’ is abbreviated to BCE. The ‘Common Era’ is abbreviated to CE. In tables only, centuries can be abbreviated as c.
Trasliteration
Site names are transliterated according to the Registry of Monuments and Historical Sites, published in Reshumot—Yalqut Hapirsumim (1964→), or as printed on maps published by the Survey of Israel. Biblical place names that are cited for the site name (e.g., in pottery parallels) should be transliterated according to the Hebrew site name, for example, Ḥaẓor, not Hazor; Tel Lakhish, and not Lachish; Afeq, and not Aphek; Ta‘anakh, and not Ti‘inik. Place names that are not transliterated are: Jerusalem, Hebron, Tiberias, Caesarea, Haifa; but note Ẓefat (not Safed), Elat (not Eilat). Definite articles of Hebrew site names are transliterated with a hyphen, and both components are capitalized, e.g., Rosh Ha-‘Ayin, Gan Ha-Shelosha. Personal names appearing in street names are spelled according to their rendering on official street maps.
Hyphens and Dashes
It is important to differentiate between two types of dashes:
Note: do NOT use spaces before or after any type of dash.
Numbers
Use Arabic numbers in all figure and plate references, as well as in journal volume numbers (even when Roman numerals are used in the original publication). Numbers should be written in full (e.g., pp. 325–330, not 325–30). When citing page ranges in the bibliography, an en dash (–) should be used, even if there are only two pages (e.g., Smith 1999:23–24). However, when referring to items in a specific illustration, commas should be used for two consecutive numbers (e.g., Smith 1999: Fig. 34:5, 6).
Measurements. The frequent inclusion of measurements in the text can disrupt the flow of reading. Therefore, avoid mentioning measurements for details that do not contribute to the discussion. All measurements should be given in the metric system. Measurements should generally be included in parentheses, following this order: length, width, height, depth.
The unit of measurement should be placed before the value (e.g., length 5 m, height 2.4 m, diam. 3.2 m). Use standard abbreviations for units: km, m, cm, mm, sq m, kg. Write out grams and liters in full.
Maintain consistency in the use of measurement units; do not switch units mid-description. Architectural units should be expressed in meters, except when the measurement is smaller than 10 cm. Finds should typically be noted in centimeters or millimeters.
Typically, it is sufficient to use up to two digits after the decimal point. Do not add trailing zeros unless indicating elevation above/below sea level (e.g., 324.50 asl) or on either side of a mathematical symbol, such as a multiplication sign (×), or on either side of an en dash (to indicate a range).
Note: To type the multiplication sign (×), use Alt+0170 or select it via Insert→Symbol. Do not use the English letter "X." Spaces should be typed before and after mathematical symbols (e.g., N = 76; 1150 ± 60).
Coordinates
It is essential to carefully verify the excavation’s coordinates. The required level of precision is up to six digits (i.e., an accuracy of 10 m). When the reported excavation covers a large area, a range of coordinates may be provided. The northing and easting values should be separated by a slash. In Hebrew articles, ranges should be indicated with a regular hyphen. In English articles, ranges should be indicated with an en dash.
Credits
It is mandatory to acknowledge in a footnote (see Footnotes, below) all those who assisted in the excavation, including area management, surveying, drawing, restoration, illustration, photography and material processing. The names of contributors—first and last names—should be written in full. It is the author’s responsibility to verify the correct spelling of the names.
Footnotes
Footnotes are meant for citing secondary details that are not connected with the discussion and are not essential to its understanding but should nevertheless be mentioned. References to problems or a field of study that are not addressed in the article, but which deserve to be mentioned or explained why they are not discussed, can also be included in the footnotes. The footnotes are not intended for the development of any discussion.
The first footnote should state the name, degree (Dr. or Prof.) and affiliation of the author(s) of the article. Additional footnotes should include technical details related to the excavation: the full names of the participants and researchers who assisted in the treatment of the material, thanks for permission to publish material or for assistance in preparing the article, thanks and credit to researchers of specialist studies, technical explanations about the excavation or references to research methods.
Figures
Qadum distinguishes between Figures (photographs, maps, drawings, charts) and Plans (plans and sections). Photographs, maps, line drawings, finds plates and graphs will be numbered as ‘Figures’ in a continuous sequence, separately from the plans. Plans and sections will be numbered as ‘Plans’ in a continuous sequence. A section that belongs to a specific plan will share the same number as the plan, even if it spans more than one page. Separate sections will be numbered as ‘Plans’.
All illustrations in the journal—photographs, plates, plans and location maps—are published in color. There is no limit to the number of figures, but you should make sure that the number is commensurate with the length of your article.
The illustrations must have a clear, distinct caption. They should NOT be embedded within the manuscript pages, but rather submitted in three formats:
The text must include at least one reference to each figure, plan or table. The references should be integrated in sequential order immediately after mentioning the illustrated subject, not necessarily at the end of the sentence. It is also possible to refer to illustrations that appeared earlier in the article (e.g., see Figure X, above) or that will appear later (e.g., see Figure X, below).
Photographs. Photographs should be submitted integrated into a WORD document, separate from the article. For photographs in the IAA MENORAH system, the identification numbers in the system (B numbers) must be provided. Other photographs must be submitted in TIFF or JPG format, in a resolution of at least 300 dpi. If needed, text can be added to the photographs in a separate layer in the digital file, or marked by hand, with a scanned copy of the photograph including the requested text.
The caption for the photographs should appear in two places: (1) beneath the photographs embedded as a mock-up in the WORD document; (2) in the List of Illustrations at the end of the article. The caption should include, at the very least, the figure number, the subject of the photograph and the direction of the view (e.g., "view to..."). It is advisable to draw the readers’ attention to important details in the photograph.
Photographs obtained from an external source, such as an archive, collection or museum, may be submitted for publication with written permission only; the source and photographer’s name must be stated in the caption.
Photographs of finds can be included in plates, alongside drawings or on their own (see Plates, below). The photograph should be labeled with its identification number in the IAA MENORAH system. It is also possible to list the system numbers of the photographs in a separate column in the specification table. Ensure that the scale of the item is clear; if not, the dimensions of the item should be specified in the text.
Note: All photographs taken in color will be published in color. It is the responsibility of the authors and the Israel Antiquities Authority staff to upload the photographs they have taken to the MENORAH system.
Plates. Plates are numbered as Figures. A plate may include drawings, drawings and a selection of photographs alongside them, or only photographs. Scales must be indicated! Original drawings must be in Adobe Illustrator or layered PDF format, in a resolution of 1200 dpi.
The plate should be organized by periods in horizontal rows, with the drawings/photographs of the finds numbered from left to right (drawings and photographs of the same item will share the same number). Finds from different periods should be separated by a horizontal line. Pottery should be arranged from open to closed and from large to small.
The final size of the plate is maximum 14 × 20 cm. Plates shorter than 20 cm can be submitted, but the width should not be changed. In cases where a complete assemblage is presented on a plate (e.g., finds from the same tomb), the plate can span more than one page, but not more than two pages. The item numbering on the plate will start from 1, unless multiple plates refer to the same assemblage/layer, in which case the items may be numbered consecutively across the plates.
An exact layout of the plate (a mock-up made of photocopies of the drawn vessels, as well as the accompanying photographs, if any) must be prepared by the author and appended to the manuscript. The layout must correspond to the dimensions, the percentage of reduction and the order of the vessels in the final plate. After the layout has been approved by the editors, it will be produced from the original drawings (inked or digital).
Plans. The plans must be legible and must correspond with the text. They must be submitted in Adobe Illustrator or layered PDF format, in a resolution of 1200 dpi. The final size of a plan is maximum 15 × 21 cm. The publication of especially large and complex plans should be coordinated with the editor. Every plan must include an arrow indicating north and a linear scale. Sections will be marked with numbers (not letters).
Excessive contour lines and measurements should be avoided. However, important measurements—such as those for floors, openings and features—must be included. For walls, it is generally sufficient to indicate the height at the top and the base at one point along the wall. If necessary, features or other details can be drawn on a separate plan.
As the plans are published in color, it is advisable to mark the different layers in different colors. The captions on the plans should be in black only. If needed, text can be added to the plans in a separate layer in the digital file. More than five layers should not be displayed on a single plan; if necessary, consult with the editor. In general, locus numbers should not be marked in the color of the layer to which they belong, unless they are features. Colors should not be used in sections.
Any additions the author wishes to include—such as locus numbers, captions (e.g., tomb, press, road, pit) or a legend—can be marked on the plans either in a digital file or by hand and scanned. This version will be used by the graphic designers to prepare the final copy of the plan. The captions on the plans must be in the language of the publication: in Hebrew articles, the captions should appear in both Hebrew and English; in English articles, the captions should appear only in English.
For plans produced outside the Israel Antiquities Authority, a written confirmation from the publisher must be attached. A reference to the source of the map must be indicated in the figure caption.
Note: If the plan is anchored in a grid of squares, the square containing the described architectural unit should be indicated in the text; this greatly aids readers’ orientation. All wall and locus numbers mentioned in the text (both in the main article and in the accompanying articles) must be marked on the plans. If the plan is too cluttered, a ‘Loci/Wall List’ table (see Loci and Wall Lists, below) can be added as an appendix at the end of the article.
Location Maps. A location map should be submitted when its publication contributes to the understanding of the site, such as indicating the geographic location or marking nearby sites. The map should be planned so that it will fit a width of 10 cm; If necessary, maps up to 14 cm wide can be prepared. Every location map must include a coordinate grid and an arrow indicating north. Maps produced in the GIS system must be submitted in Adobe Illustrator or a PDF file, where the text appears in a separate layer.
The map should include at least one known place (a modern settlement, known tell, road, etc.). It is also desirable that any adjacent archaeological sites associated with the site appear. The site being published should be positioned, as much as possible, in the center of the map, and be clearly marked. The final map will be prepared only at the editing stage, in coordination with the editor. Names on the map (sites, cities, rivers) should be written in the language of the publication: in Hebrew articles, the captions should appear in both Hebrew and English; in English articles, the captions should appear only in English. The spelling of the names should be verified according to the maps of the Survey of Israel. The transliteration of names into English should follow the rules of the Academy of the Hebrew Language (see Spelling and Grammar, above).
It is possible to incorporate maps based on other published maps. For maps produced outside the Israel Antiquities Authority, a written confirmation from the publisher must be attached. A reference to the source of the map must be indicated in the figure caption.
Note: Maps are numbered as ‘Figures’ and, like photographs, they should be included in the WORD document of illustrations, along with the figure number and caption.
Tables
Tables should present new information and not duplicate what is written in the text. Please supply editable files!
Qadum differentiates between two main types of tables:
Footnotes may be added to the data presented in the tables; these should be marked with lowercase Roman numerals (i, ii, iii…).
Loci and Wall Lists
In the final report of a stratigraphic excavation, a loci and walls list can provide essential information for understanding the site’s detailed stratigraphy. Such a list serves as a partial substitute for a detailed description of the excavation process and is particularly suitable for complex excavations. It also allows for minimizing the use of numerous locus numbers on plans (see Plans, above). The Loci List table should be marked as an "Appendix" and placed at the end of the article, just before the bibliography.
Footnotes may be added to the data presented in the table; these should be marked with lowercase Roman numerals (i, ii, iii…).
Citations and List of References
Qadum follows the author-date citation system of the Chicago Manual of Style (16th and 17th editions).
Citations. Bibliographic citations in the text are used to denote that the information presented in the previous sentence, paragraph or section is based on or taken from another source or sources. Citations must note the exact source of information, i.e., the page(s) or figure(s) from which they are taken. Citations must be inserted in the body of the text in parentheses. They should include the author’s surname and the year of the publication followed by the page and/or figure and plate numbers to which they refer.
All citations must correspond—in spelling, in the rendering of the year of publication and in page numbers—to the entry in the reference list (see below). When possible, abbreviations can be used (for example, AJC, CIS; see Abbreviations, above).
Note: When a certain work appears more than once, cite it in full, not as ibid.
References. The list of references (i.e., bibliography) appears at the end of the manuscript. It must include all the publications mentioned in the citations. In this list, the publications must appear in alphabetical order according to the authors’ surname, arranged according to the year of publication when more than one article by the same author is cited. If an author has more than one publication in a single year, they are arranged alphabetically by title, excluding ‘The’, ‘A’, ‘An’.
For a list of bibliographic entries compiled according to Qadum Style, see References List.
